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In the mouse, at least three members of the klrb (killer cell lectin-like receptor, subfamily b; formerly nkr-p1) gene family have been identified (klrb1a/nkr-p1a, klrb1b/nkr-p1b, and klrb1c/nkr-p1c); but in the human gene family, a single homologue has been designated klrb1, nkr-p1a, or cd161. The klrb1/nkr-p1 family of proteins are type-ii-transmembrane c-type lectin receptors. Klrb1c/nkr-p1c activates nk-cell cytotoxicity, while klrb1b/nkr-p1b functions as an inhibitory receptor. Klrb1b/nkr-p1b protein has intracellular immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (itim), while klrb1c/nkr-p1c lacks itim and activates via association with fc receptor γ chain. Strikingly, klrb1b/nkr-p1b and klrb1c/nkr-p1c share 96% amino acid sequence identity in their extracellular c-type lectin domains. The pk136 antibody negative control purified nk-1.1 Reacts with the nk-1.1 Surface antigen encoded by the klrb1c/nkr-p1c gene expressed on natural killer (nk) cells in selected strains of mice (eg, c57bl, fvb/n, nzb, but not a, akr, balb/c, cba/j, c3h, c57br, c58, dba/1, dba/2, nod, sjl, 129) and the antigen encoded by the klrb1b/nkr-p1b gene expressed only on swiss nih and sjl mice, but not on c57bl/6. Expression of klrb1c/nkr-p1c protein is correlated with the ability to lyse tumor cells in vitro and to mediate rejection of bone marrow allografts. The nk-1.1 Marker is useful in defining nk cells; however, the antigen is also expressed on a rare, specialized population of t lymphocytes (nk-t cells) and some cultured monocytes. Plate-bound pk136 mab, in combination with low concentrations of il-2, induces proliferation of a subset of nk cells.
